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by Moya K. Mason Aristotle Aristotle briefly considered the possibility that the universe as we know it evolved by chance. He believed there are four essential causes involved in any natural change, (1)  and also any number of accidental causes: chance and luck being two of them. (2)  Chance is an accidental efficient cause for any natural agent, while luck involves the consciousness of choice - human choice. (3)  Aristotle made a definite distinction between chance and luck. For example, consider you have been trying to locate a person who can help you with a certain problem, but you can't find them. You go to a party and meet the person. This would be considered good luck. At the same party you could bump into someone you do not like and do not wish to meet. In that case, you would feel you had bad luck. Luck is a two-fold occurrence: sometimes considered good, sometimes considered bad, depending on the circumstances. (4)  But you could have just as easily said tha...

  Philosophy Western thought owes much to ancient Greek philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Here are eleven Greek philosophers you should know. Updated: Feb 20, 2025 written by  Edd Hodsdon,   BA Professional Writing, member Canterbury Archaeological Trust Like Share Cite   While great thinkers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle may belong to the ancient world, they still influence our understanding of the world today. These great Greek philosophers began to use reason and logic to try and unravel the workings of the cosmos. They also explored the intricacies of human morality. But who were these philosophical fathers? And what were their key ideas? From presocratics like Thales of Miletus to Plato and Aristotle, we’ll discuss the famous thinkers of ancient Greek philosophy who have guided Western philosophy, science, and culture for thousands of years. We’ll also explore the three main schools of Hellenistic philosophy and the founders tha...